#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
 int val1, val2;

 val1 = -5;
 val2 = -5;
 
 cout << "Val1: " << val1 << endl;
 cout << "Val2: " << val2 << endl;

 // example of the dangling else problem

 if (val1 > 0)
    if (val2 > 0)
       cout << "Statement 1a" << endl;

 else
    cout << "Statement 2a" << endl;

 // the compiler matches an else clause with the closest unmatched
 //   if clause.  This causes the above code to have an if-else
 //   statement inside of an if statement (which is opposite of
 //   how the code is indented.

 // The solution to have an if statement inside of an if-else
 //   statement is to use curly braces
 if (val1 > 0)
    {
     if (val2 > 0)
       cout << "Statement 1b" << endl;
    }
 else
    cout << "Statement 2b" << endl;


}